git¶
Configuration¶
Set user name and password:
git config --global user.name "Patrick Kimber"
git config --global user.email code@pkimber.net
git config -l
Enable colours:
git config --global color.diff auto
git config --global color.status auto
git config --global color.branch auto
Set the default editor (to vim):
git config --global core.editor vim
View configuration:
git config -l
Basic usage¶
Initialise¶
git init
git add .
git commit
Branch¶
This article is a nice little intro to branching: Git Tutorial : Starting with git using just 10 commands.
Clone¶
git clone url
git pull
diff¶
To get a diff of the stuff in the index:
git diff --cached
To get a diff of the stuff not yet staged (in the index):
git diff
Ignore¶
Edit the .gitignore file in the project folder e.g:
# Can ignore specific files
.DS_Store
# Use wildcards as well
*~
*.swp
# Can also ignore all directories and files in a directory.
tmp/**/*
Modify¶
Note
You have to stage a file before you can commit it. You can do
this automatically by using the -a parameter on the commit
command.
git commit -a -m "Rename activation code."
…or… by adding the file to the staging error before committing:
git add my-file.py
git commit -m "Update colours."
If you enter an incorrect commit message, you can amend the message using:
git commit --amend
Reset (revert)¶
Note: ‘git revert’ is not equivalent to ‘svn revert’:
git checkout filename
To actually remove a commit (from Delete commits from a branch in Git):
Warning
git reset --hard WILL DELETE YOUR WORKING DIRECTORY CHANGES.
Be sure to stash any local changes you want to keep before running
this command.
Assuming you are sitting on that commit, then this command will wack it:
git reset --hard HEAD~1
The HEAD~1 means the commit before head.
Or, you could look at the output of git log, find the commit id of the
commit you want to back up to, and then do this:
git reset --hard <sha1-commit-id>
If you already pushed it, you will need to do a force push to get rid of it:
git push origin HEAD --force
Stash¶
git stash
git stash list
git stash apply
Status¶
git status
git status -s
Remote repository configuration¶
To view the URL of a remote repository:
git remote -v
To change the URI:
git remote set-url origin git@github.com:pkimber/story.git
Server¶
Note
I don’t think we need the .git on the end of the ssh path.
To create an empty repository on a remote server:
cd ~/repo/temp/
mkdir pillar.git
cd pillar.git
git init --bare
To push to this repository:
git remote set-url origin ssh://patrick@46.10.8.55:/home/patrick/repo/temp/pillar.git
git push origin master
Working with a branch¶
List and Checkout a branch¶
List:
git branch -a
To checkout a remote branch e.g:
git branch -a
* master
remotes/origin/747-board
To checkout 747-board:
git checkout -b 747-board origin/747-board
Cherry Pick from a branch to another branch¶
How to merge a specific commit in git:
git cherry-pick aeca961
Warning
Checkout the consequence of cherry-picking
Create a branch¶
git checkout -b ticket-0488
This is shorthand for:
git branch ticket-0488
git checkout ticket-0488
Merge a branch into master¶
git checkout master
git merge ticket-0488
Switch branch¶
git checkout master
git checkout ticket-0488
A more advanced version (which I don’t understand):
git checkout remotes/origin/0.7.X
Rename a branch¶
From How do I rename a local Git branch?:
git branch -m <oldname> <newname>
If you want to rename the current branch, you can simply do:
git branch -m <newname>
You can use this command to rename master e.g:
git branch -m master 1010-angular
git checkout live-site
git branch -m live-site master
Tags¶
We can switch to tags in the same was as we switch branches (see above).